Aerodynamics & CdA Data
Beaumont, F., Delouis, P., & Polidori, G. (2021). Numerical aerodynamic database in elite male runners. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 17(4), 880-884. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541211049693
Davies, C. T. M. (1980). Effects of wind assistance and resistance on the forward motion of a runner. Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology, 48(4), 702–709. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1980.48.4.702
di Prampero, P. E., Atchou, G., Brückner, J. C., & Moia, C. (1986). Energetics of running: Air resistance and running economy. Journal of Applied Physiology, 61(3), 873–878. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1986.61.3.873
Pugh, L. G. C. E. (1971). The influence of wind resistance in running and walking and the mechanical efficiency of work against horizontal and vertical forces. The Journal of Physiology, 213(2), 255–276. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1971.sp009381
Kyle, C. R. (1989). Reduction of wind resistance and power output of racing cyclists and runners travelling in groups. Ergonomics, 32(4), 345–354. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140138908966107
Gourley, J. (2013). Faster: Demystifying the science of triathlon speed. Boulder, CO: VeloPress.
Hart, J. H., Allen, T., & Holroyd, M. (2010). Downhill skateboard aerodynamics. Procedia engineering, 2(2), 2523-2528.
Rolling Resistance Sources
More coming in this front, currently using our preliminary wheel test, but I would like to expand on this soon.
theblueridgeproject.com. (our preliminary wheel tests)
PSI Urethanes. Calculating the compression/deflection of polyurethane. Retrieved July 14, 2025, from https://psiurethanes.com/calculating-compression-deflection
Halsey, G. Skateboard wheel analysis for LDP and slalom applications. Unpublished technical note. Retrieved from https://slalomskateboarder.com (archived, wayback machine)
ResearchGate. (2019). Rolling resistance of a skateboard. Retrieved July 14, 2025, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349352814_Rolling_Resistance_of_a_Skateboard
Brown, Charles (1992) Rolling-resistance test of small wheels, http://ihpva.org/HParchive/PDF/33-v10n2-
Bearing Literature
SKF Group. (2019). Rolling bearing friction – Engineering reference guide.
STLE. (2022). Measuring bearing torque performance. Tribology & Lubrication Technology.